The United States has sent to every celebration of the modern Olympic Games with the exception of the 1980 Summer Olympics, during which it led a boycott in protest of the Soviet Union's invasion of Afghanistan. The United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC) is the National Olympic Committee for the United States.
American athletes have won a total of 2,765 medals (1,105 of them gold) at the Summer Olympic Games, and another 330 (114 of them gold) at the Winter Olympic Games, making the United States the most prolific medal-winning nation in the history of the Olympics. The U.S. has placed first in the Summer Olympic medal table 19 times out of 30 Summer Olympics and 29 appearances (having boycotted in 1980), but has had less success in the Winter Olympics, placing first once in 24 participations.
The United States Olympic contingent is the only Olympic contingent in the world to receive no government funding; neither training and development costs nor prize money are provided by the U.S. national government.
In 2028, the third Los Angeles Olympics will mark the ninth occasion that the Olympics are hosted in the U.S.
95 |
14 |
117 |
27 |
38 |
221 |
271 |
78 |
TBA |
TBA |
+ !Games !City !Winner of bid | ||
1916 Summer Olympics | Cleveland | Berlin |
1920 Summer Olympics | Atlanta Cleveland Philadelphia | Antwerp |
1924 Summer Olympics | Los Angeles | Paris |
1928 Summer Olympics | Los Angeles | Amsterdam |
1944 Summer Olympics | Detroit | London |
1948 Winter Olympics | Lake Placid | St Moritz |
1948 Summer Olympics | Baltimore Los Angeles Minneapolis Philadelphia | London |
1952 Winter Olympics | Lake Placid | Oslo |
1952 Summer Olympics | Chicago Detroit Los Angeles Minneapolis Philadelphia | Helsinki |
1956 Winter Olympics | Colorado Springs Lake Placid | Cortina d'Ampezzo |
1956 Summer Olympics | Chicago Detroit Los Angeles Minneapolis Philadelphia San Francisco | Melbourne |
1960 Summer Olympics | Detroit | Rome |
1964 Summer Olympics | Detroit | Tokyo |
1968 Winter Olympics | Lake Placid | Grenoble |
1968 Summer Olympics | Detroit | Mexico City |
1972 Winter Olympics | Salt Lake City | Sapporo |
1972 Summer Olympics | Detroit | Munich |
1976 Summer Olympics | Los Angeles | Montreal |
1980 Summer Olympics | Los Angeles | Moscow |
1992 Winter Olympics | Anchorage | Albertville |
1994 Winter Olympics | Anchorage | Lillehammer |
1998 Winter Olympics | Salt Lake City | Nagano |
2012 Summer Olympics | New York City | London |
2016 Summer Olympics | Chicago | Rio de Janeiro |
+ !Games !City !Eventually hosted by | ||
1976 Winter Olympics | Denver | Innsbruck |
In contrast to its summer Olympics status, the United States was not a power in the Winter Games until the 2002 Olympics in Salt Lake City. Hosting the games in 2002 boosted the U.S. winter sports program; since then, the country’s athletes have performed consistently well, never placing below fourth in the medal count. The nation won the most medals (37) at the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver but dropped to 23 medals at the 2018 games in Pyeongchang.
* This table does not include two medals – one silver awarded in the ice hockey and one bronze awarded in the figure skating events at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
The United States has never won an Olympic medal in the following current summer sports or disciplines: badminton, handball, rhythmic gymnastics, table tennis and trampoline gymnastics.
* This table includes two medals – one silver awarded in the ice hockey and one bronze awarded in the figure skating events at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
The United States has never won an Olympic medal in the following current winter sport: biathlon.
Sport | Rank | Athlete | Event & Year |
Men's doubles in 2008 | |||
Women's tournament in 1984 | |||
Women's group in 1996 | |||
Women's team in 2008 | |||
Women's individual in 2012 | |||
Women's individual in 2020 | |||
Sport | Rank | Athlete | Event & Year |
Men's relay in 2018 |
+ Summer Olympics | ||
Ralph Rose | Athletics | |
George Bonhag | Athletics | |
Pat McDonald | Athletics | |
Pat McDonald | Athletics | |
Bud Houser | Athletics | |
Morgan Taylor | Athletics | |
Al Jochim | Gymnastics | |
Ralph Craig | Sailing | |
Norman Armitage | Fencing | |
Norman ArmitageWarren Wofford was the flagbearer in the (Equestrianism) parade in Stockholm for the Olympics Equestrian Sports Association events held there because a quarantine imposed on horses prevented equestrian events from taking place in Australia | Fencing | |
Rafer Johnson | Athletics | |
Parry O'Brien | Athletics | |
Janice RomaryThe first female flagbearer for the United States at the Olympics | Fencing | |
Olga Fikotová | Athletics | |
Gary Hall, Sr. | Swimming | |
Did not participate | ||
Ed Burke | Athletics | |
Evelyn Ashford | Athletics | |
Francie Larrieu Smith | Athletics | |
Bruce Baumgartner | Wrestling | |
Cliff Meidl | Canoeing | |
Dawn Staley | Basketball | |
Lopez Lomong | Athletics | |
Mariel Zagunis | Fencing | |
Michael Phelps | Swimming | |
Eddy Alvarez | Baseball | |
Sue Bird | Basketball | |
LeBron James | Basketball | |
Coco Gauff | Tennis |
+ Winter Olympics | ||
Clarence Abel | Ice hockey | |
Godfrey Dewey | Cross-country skiing () | |
Billy Fiske | Bobsleigh | |
Rolf Monsen | Cross-country skiing | |
Jack Heaton | Skeleton & Bobsleigh | |
Jim Bickford | Bobsleigh | |
Jim Bickford | Bobsleigh | |
Don McDermott | Speed skating | |
Bill Disney | Speed skating | |
Terry McDermott | Speed skating | |
Dianne Holum | Speed skating | |
Cindy Nelson | Alpine skiing | |
Scott Hamilton | Figure skating | |
Frank Masley | Luge | |
Lyle Nelson | Biathlon | |
Bill Koch | Cross-country skiing | |
Cammy Myler | Luge | |
Eric Flaim | Speed Skating | |
Amy Peterson | Short track speed skating | |
Chris Witty | Speed skating | |
Mark Grimmette | Luge | |
Todd Lodwick | Nordic combined | |
Erin Hamlin | Luge | |
Brittany Bowe | Speed Skating | |
John Shuster | Curling |
The United States, represented by the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee (USOPC), competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. Originally scheduled to take place in the summer of 2020, the Games were postponed to July 23 to August 8, 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The opening ceremony Standard-bearer for the United States were baseball player Eddy Alvarez and basketball player Sue Bird. Kara Winger was the flag-bearer for the closing ceremony. When USA Gymnastics announced that 2016 Olympic all-around champion Simone Biles would not participate in the gymnastics all-around final, the spotlight fell on her American teammates. The U.S. had won the event in each of the last five Olympic Games: a formidable winning streak was on the line. Sunisa Lee embraced the moment and stood tall to deliver for her country. She totaled 57.433 to hold off Rebeca Andrade of Brazil (57.298) to clinch the title. Lee also made history of her own. With victory in the all-around she became the first Hmong American gymnast to win an Olympic gold medal, and the first gymnast of Asian descent to do so. With a silver in the women's team final and bronze in the individual uneven bars Lee left Tokyo with an impressive three Olympic medals. Lydia Jacoby, Alaska's teenage swimming sweetheart, made history when she became the first Alaskan swimmer selected to make the U.S. Olympic swim team. She stunned the world to secure victory in the women's 100m breaststroke. Recent major champion Nelly Korda followed the winning ways of compatriot Xander Schauffele to take home gold in the women's golf competition. The 2.01m-tall thrower Ryan Crouser retained his Olympic title in the men's shot put and did so in some style, setting an Olympic record three times. The U.S. achieved a commanding lead in the overall medal count, with 113 medals, but only edged China in the gold medal tally on the last day, finishing with 39 gold medals to China's 38.
At the 2022 Winter Olympics, the U.S. exercised a diplomatic boycott due to the "ongoing genocide and crimes against humanity in Xinjiang and other human rights abuses," meaning it did not send any high-level delegation to the Games, but would not hinder athletes from participating. A total of 25 medals meant Team USA won two more medals than in 2018, although it still signifies an overall decline after 37 medals in 2010 and 28 in 2014. For the fifth consecutive games, the Americans won nine gold medals, this time placing third in the medal count. Notable successes included Jessie Diggins becoming the first American female skier to win individual cross-country medals, figure skater Nathan Chen breaking the short program world record en route to the Olympic gold medal in the men's singles, Erin Jackson becoming the first black female athlete to win speed skating gold, and Chloe Kim defending her title in the snowboarding women's halfpipe. Veteran snowboarder Lindsey Jacobellis, who last medaled in the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, was the only U.S. athlete with multiple gold medals, winning the women's snowboard cross event, and sharing the gold with teammate Nick Baumgartner in the mixed snowboard cross event.
The advent of the state-sponsored "full-time amateur athlete" of the Eastern Bloc countries eroded the ideology of the pure amateur. It put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage. The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but all of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis. The situation greatly disadvantaged American athletes and was a major factor in the decline of American medal hauls in the 1970s and 1980s. As a result, the Olympics shifted away from Amateur sports, as envisioned by Pierre de Coubertin. They began allowing participation of professional athletes, but only in the 1990s, after the collapse of the Soviet Union and its influence within the International Olympic Committee. Soviet Control of Sports CIA Soviet sports as an instrument of political propaganda CIA
In 2003, Wade Exum, the United States Olympic Committee's director of drug control administration from 1991 to 2000, gave copies of documents to Sports Illustrated that revealed that some 100 American athletes failed drug tests from 1988 to 2000, arguing that they should have been prevented from competing in the Olympics but were nevertheless cleared to compete; among those athletes were Carl Lewis, Joe DeLoach and Floyd Heard. Before showing the documents to Sports Illustrated, Exum tried to use them in a lawsuit against USOC, accusing the organization of racial discrimination and wrongful termination against him and cover-up over the failed tests. His case was summarily dismissed by the Denver federal Court for lack of evidence. The USOC claimed his case "baseless" as he himself was the one in charge of screening the anti-doping test program of the organization and clarifying that the athletes were cleared according to the rules.
Carl Lewis broke his silence on allegations that he was the beneficiary of a drugs cover-up, admitting he had failed tests for banned substances, but claiming he was just one of "hundreds" of American athletes who were allowed to escape bans, concealed by the USOC. Lewis has acknowledged that he failed three tests during the 1988 US Olympic trials, which under international rules at the time should have prevented him from competing in the 1988 Summer Olympics. Former athletes and officials came out against the USOC cover-up. "For so many years I lived it. I knew this was going on, but there's absolutely nothing you can do as an athlete. You have to believe governing bodies are doing what they are supposed to do. And it is obvious they did not," said former American sprinter and 1984 Olympic champion, Evelyn Ashford.
Exum's documents revealed that Carl Lewis had tested positive three times at the 1988 Olympics trials for minimum amounts of pseudoephedrine, ephedrine, and phenylpropanolamine, which were banned . are also found in cold medication. Due to the rules, his case could have led to disqualification from the Seoul Olympics and suspension from competition for six months. The levels of the combined stimulants registered in the separate tests were 2 ppm, 4 ppm and 6 ppm. Lewis defended himself, claiming that he had accidentally consumed the banned substances. After the supplements that he had taken were analyzed to prove his claims, the USOC accepted his claim of inadvertent use, since a dietary supplement he ingested was found to contain "Ma Huang", the Chinese name for Ephedra (ephedrine is known to help weight loss). Fellow Santa Monica Track Club teammates Joe DeLoach and Floyd Heard were also found to have the same banned stimulants in their systems, and were cleared to compete for the same reason. The highest level of the stimulants Lewis recorded was 6 ppm, which was regarded as a positive test in 1988 but is now regarded as negative test. The acceptable level has been raised to ten parts per million for ephedrine and twenty-five parts per million for other substances.Wallechinsky and Loucky, The Complete Book of the Olympics (2012 edition), page 61. According to the IOC rules at the time, positive tests with levels lower than 10 ppm were cause of further investigation but not immediate ban. Neal Benowitz, a professor of medicine at UC San Francisco who is an expert on ephedrine and other stimulants, agreed that "These levels are what you'd see from someone taking cold or allergy medicines and are unlikely to have any effect on performance." Following Exum's revelations the IAAF acknowledged that at the 1988 Olympic Trials the USOC indeed followed the correct procedures in dealing with eight positive findings for ephedrine and ephedrine-related compounds in low concentration. Additionally, in 1988 the federation reviewed the relevant documents with the athletes' names undisclosed and stated that "the medical committee felt satisfied, however, on the basis of the information received that the cases had been properly concluded by the USOC as 'negative cases' in accordance with the rules and regulations in place at the time and no further action was taken".
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